wind about

vincĭo, vinxi, vinctum ( part. vinciturus, Petr. 45, 10), 4, v. a., to bind, to bind or wind about; to fetter, tie, fasten; to surround, encircle, etc. (class., esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: ligo, necto, constringo).

Lit.:

illum aput te vinctum adservato domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 95; 4, 4, 98; Ter. And. 5, 2, 24:

hunc abduce, vinci, quaere rem,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 36:

fratres meos in vincula conjecit. Cum igitur eos vinxerit, etc.,

Cic. Dejot. 7, 22:

facinus est vincire civem Romanum,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170:

equites Romani vincti Apronio traditi sunt,

id. ib. 2, 3, 14, §

37: trinis catenis vinctus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53:

post terga manus,

Verg. A. 11, 81:

rotas ferro,

Quint. 1, 5, 8:

ulmum appositis vitibus,

Ov. H. 5, 47:

alte suras purpureo cothurno,

Verg. A. 1, 337:

tempora novis floribus,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 32.—In a Greek construction:

boves vincti cornua vittis,

Ov. M. 7, 429:

anule, formosae digitum vincture puellae,

about to encircle, id. Am. 2, 15, 1.—

In partic.

To compress, lace:

demissis umeris esse, vincto pectore, ut, gracilae sient,

i. e. tightly laced, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23.—

To compass, surround, guard, mid.:

Caesarem quidem aiunt acerrime dilectum habere, loca occupare, vinciri praesidiis,

Cic. Att. 7, 18, 2 B. and K. (al. vincire, i. e. loca).—

To make firm, harden, fix, fasten:

humus vincta pruinā,

Petr. 123 (but the true reading, Ov. P. 2, 2, 96, is juncta; so Sall. C. 55, 4).—

Trop., to bind, fetter, confine, restrain, attach:

vi Veneris vinctus,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 32:

religione vinctus astrictusque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 42, § 90; cf.:

si turpissime se illa pars animi geret... si vinciatur et constringatur amicorum propinquorumque custodiis,

id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48.—Of sleep, etc.:

nisi vinctos somno velut pecudes trucidandos tradidero,

Liv. 5, 44, 7:

ut somno vincta jacebas,

Ov. M. 11, 238:

in plaustra somno vinctos coniciunt,

Tac. A. 1, 65:

mentem multo Lyaeo,

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 21:

inimica ora (magicis artibus),

Ov. F. 2, 581:

lectum certo foedere,

Prop. 3, 20, 21 (4, 19, 11):

spadonis animum stupro,

Tac. A. 4, 10:

esse tuam vinctam numine teste fidem,

Ov. H. 20, 212:

aliquem pacto matrimonio,

Tac. A. 6, 45.—Of speech:

membra (orationis) sunt numeris vincienda,

i. e. arranged rhythmically, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

verba vincta, oratio vincta (opp. soluta),

Quint. 11, 2, 47; 9, 4, 19.

prae-stringo, inxi, ictum, 3, v. a., to bind fast or hard, to bind or tie up; to squeeze tight, compress, etc.

Lit. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

praestrictā fauce,

Ov. Ib. 551:

praestricta manus,

Sen. Troad. 560:

pollices vincire, nodoque praestringere,

Tac. A. 12, 47:

dracones circumplexu facili (elephantos) ambiunt, nexuque nodi praestringunt,

Plin. 8, 11, 11, § 32:

praestringere et strangulare,

id. 17, 24, 37, § 234:

vehementer praestringere aliquid,

id. 10, 72, 92, § 192:

umor praestrictus gelu,

id. 17, 24, 37, § 217:

ventus praestringit atque percellit radices arborum, i. e. comprimit,

id. 18, 34, 77, § 334:

panis datur ex vino ad discutienda, quae praestringi opus est, i. e. coërceri, sisti,

id. 22, 25, 68, § 138.—

Transf.

To bind or wind about ( poet.):

alicujus tempora sertis,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 112.—

To graze, touch:

portam vomere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 40, 102 (al. perstringere):

Taifalorum terras praestringens,

Amm. 31, 3, 7:

praestrictis palatii januis,

i. e. passed without entering, id. 14, 7, 10.—

Trop. (post-class.):

rerum novarum lugubri visu praestrictus,

touched, struck, Amm. 29, 6, 9; cf. id. 16, 10, 13.—Hence, esp., to touch in speaking, to mention:

nomen,

Amm. 26, 1, 4; cf. id. 22, 15, 3.—With acc. and inf., Amm. 21, 7, 2.—

To weaken, blunt, make dull.

In gen.:

illi quorum lingua gladiorum aciem praestringit domi, i. e. by boasting,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 11:

acies ferri praestringitur,

Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 64:

nitorem eboris,

to dim, id. ib.: vites, to deprive them of their eyes or buds, id. 17, 24, 37, § 227.—

Esp.: praestringere aciem oculorum or oculos, to blind (class.):

aciem oculorum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 4; Lucil. ap. Non. 34, 32; Liv. 40, 58, 4; cf. oculos, Varr. ap. Non. 35, 5; Cic. Vatin. 10, 24; Sen. Ep. 110, 17:

obtutum oculorum,

Amm. 17, 7, 2.— Trop.:

vos aciem animorum nostrorum virtutis splendore praestringitis,

Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 37; so,

aciem animi,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 3; Vell. 2, 118, 4:

aciem mentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61; cf.:

oculos mentis,

id. Sen. 12, 42:

aciem ingenii,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

mentes,

Amm. 30, 1, 15: praestigias, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73 (Com. Rel. p. 59 Rib.).

* * *

ănĭmus, i, m. [a Graeco-Italic form of anemos = wind (as ego, lego, of ego, lego); cf. Sanscr. an = to breathe, anas = breath, anilas = wind; Goth. uz-ana = exspiro; Erse, anal = breath; Germ. Unst = a storm (so, sometimes); but Curt. does not extend the connection to AФ, aêmi = to blow; a modification of animus—by making which the Romans took a step in advance of the Greeks, who used hê psuchê for both these ideas—is anima, which has the physical meaning of anemos, so that Cic. was theoretically right, but historically wrong, when he said, ipse animus ab anima dictus est, Tusc. 1, 9, 19; after the same analogy we have from psuchô = to breathe, blow, psuchê = breath, life, soul; from pneô = to breathe, pneuma = air, breath, life, in class. Greek, and = spirit, a spiritual being, in Hellenistic Greek; from spiro = to breathe, blow, spiritus = breath, breeze, energy, high spirit, and poet. and post-Aug. = soul, mind; the Engl. ghost = Germ. Geist may be comp. with Germ. giessen and cheô, to pour, and for this interchange of the ideas of gases and liquids, cf. Sol. 22: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is flowed upon, washed, by the Gallic Strait; the Sanscr. atman = breath, soul, with which comp. aytmê = breath; Germ. Odem = breath, and Athem = breath, soul, with which group Curt. connects auô, aêmi; the Heb. = breath, life, soul; and = breath, wind, life, spirit, soul or mind].

In a general sense, the rational soul in man (in opp. to the body, corpus, and to the physical life, anima), hê psuchê:

humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

Corpus animum praegravat, Atque affixit humo divinae particulam aurae,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 77:

credo deos immortales sparsisse animos in corpora humana, ut essent qui terras tuerentur etc.,

Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

eas res tueor animi non corporis viribus,

id. ib. 11, 38; so id. Off. 1, 23, 79:

quae (res) vel infirmis corporibus animo tamen administratur,

id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Off. 1, 29, 102:

omnes animi cruciatus et corporis,

id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

levantes Corpus et animum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 141:

formam et figuram animi magis quam corporis complecti,

Tac. Agr. 46; id. H. 1, 22:

animi validus et corpore ingens,

id. A. 15, 53:

Aristides primus animum pinxit et sensus hominis expressit, quae vocantur Graece ethe, item perturbationes,

first painted the soul, put a soul into his figures, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 98 (cf.:

animosa signa,

life-like statues, Prop. 4, 8, 9): si nihil esset in eo (animo), nisi id, ut per eum viveremus, i. e. were it mere anima, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

Singularis est quaedam natura atque vis animi, sejuncta ab his usitatis notisque naturis, i. e. the four material elements,

id. ib. 1, 27, 66: Neque nos corpora sumus. Cum igitur nosce te dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum, id. ib. 1, 22, 52:

In quo igitur loco est (animus)? Credo equidem in capite,

id. ib. 1, 29, 70:

corpora nostra, terreno principiorum genere confecta, ardore animi concalescunt,

derive their heat from the fiery nature of the soul, id. ib. 1, 18, 42:

Non valet tantum animus, ut se ipsum ipse videat: at, ut oculus, sic animus, se non videns alia cernit,

id. ib. 1, 27, 67: foramina illa ( the senses), quae patent ad animum a corpore, callidissimo artificio natura fabricata est, id. ib. 1, 20, 47: dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox, independently of the body, i. e. the mind roaming in thought, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 13:

discessus animi a corpore,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 30, 72:

cum nihil erit praeter animum,

when there shall be nothing but the soul, when the soul shall be disembodied, id. ib. 1, 20, 47; so,

animus vacans corpore,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50; and:

animus sine corpore,

id. ib. 1, 22, 51:

sine mente animoque nequit residere per artus pars ulla animai,

Lucr. 3, 398 (for the pleonasm here, v. infra, II. A. 1.):

Reliquorum sententiae spem adferunt posse animos, cum e corporibus excesserint in caelum pervenire,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

permanere animos arbitramur consensu nationum omnium,

id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

Pherecydes primus dixit animos esse hominum sempiternos,

id. ib. 1, 16, 38:

Quod ni ita se haberet, ut animi immortales essent, haud etc.,

id. Sen. 23, 82: immortalitas animorum, id. ib. 21, 78; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 14, 30:

aeternitas animorum,

id. ib. 1, 17, 39; 1, 22, 50 (for the plur. animorum, in this phrase, cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 84); for the atheistic notions about the soul, v. Lucr. bk. iii.—

In a more restricted sense, the mind as thinking, feeling, willing, the intellect, the sensibility, and the will, acc. to the almost universally received division of the mental powers since the time of Kant (Diog. Laert. 8, 30, says that Pythagoras divided hê psuchê into ho nous, hai phrenes, and ho thumos; and that man had ho nous and ho thumos in common with other animals, but he alone had hai phrenes. Here ho nous and ho thumos must denote the understanding and the sensibility, and hai phrenes, the reason. Plutarch de Placit. 4, 21, says that the Stoics called the supreme faculty of the mind (to hêgemonikon tês psuchês) ho logismos, reason. Cic. sometimes speaks of a twofold division; as, Est animus in partes tributus duas, quarum altera rationis est particeps, altera expers (i. e. to logistikon and to alogon of Plato; cf. Tert. Anim. 16), i. e. the reason or intellect and the sensibility, Tusc. 2, 21, 47; so id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 36, 132; id. Tusc 4, 5, 10; and again of a threefold; as, Plato triplicem finxit animum, cujus principatum, id est rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit, et duas partes ( the two other parts) ei parere voluit, iram et cupiditatem, quas locis disclusit; iram in pectore, cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, i. e. the reason or intellect, and the sensibility here resolved into desire and aversion, id. ib. 1, 10, 20; so id. Ac. 2, 39, 124. The will, hê boulêsis, voluntas, arbitrium, seems to have been sometimes merged in the sensibility, ho thumos, animus, animi, sensus, and sometimes identified with the intellect or reason, ho nous, ho logismos, mens, ratio).

1.. The general power of perception and thought, the reason, intellect, mind (syn.: mens, ratio, ingenium), ho nous:

cogito cum meo animo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; so Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 55:

cum animis vestris cogitare,

Cic. Agr. 2, 24:

recordari cum animo,

id. Clu. 25, 70;

and without cum: animo meditari,

Nep. Ages. 4, 1; cf. id. Ham. 4, 2:

cogitare volvereque animo,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

animo cogitare,

Vulg. Eccli. 37, 9:

statuere apud animum,

Liv. 34, 2:

proposui in animo meo,

Vulg. Eccli. 1, 12:

nisi me animus fallit, hi sunt, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 23:

in dubio est animus,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; id. ib. prol. 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 29:

animum ad se ipsum advocamus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

lumen animi, ingenii consiliique tui,

id. Rep. 6, 12 al. —

For the sake of rhet. fulness, animus often has a synonym joined with it: Mens et animus et consilium et sententia civitatis posita est in legibus,

Cic. Clu. 146:

magnam cui mentem animumque Delius inspirat vates,

Verg. A. 6, 11:

complecti animo et cogitatione,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

animis et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. Fl. 27, 66:

cum omnia ratione animoque lustraris,

id. Off. 1, 17, 56:

animorum ingeniorumque naturale quoddam quasi pabulum consideratio naturae,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 127.—Hence the expressions: agitatio animi, attentio, contentio; animi adversio; applicatio animi; judicium, opinio animorum, etc. (v. these vv.); and animum advertere, adjungere, adplicare, adpellere, inducere, etc. (v. these vv.).—

Of particular faculties of mind, the memory:

etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 46:

An imprimi, quasi ceram, animum putamus etc. (an idea of Aristotle's),

Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:

ex animo effluere,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 300: omnia fert aetas, animum quoque;

... Nunc oblita mihi tot carmina,

Verg. E. 9, 51.—

Consciousness (physically considered) or the vital power, on which consciousness depends ( = conscientia, q. v. II. A., or anima, q. v. II. E.):

vae miserae mihi. Animo malest: aquam velim,

I'm fainting, my wits are going, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 33:

reliquit animus Sextium gravibus acceptis vulneribus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 38:

Una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur,

Verg. A. 10, 487:

animusque reliquit euntem,

Ov. M. 10, 459:

nisi si timor abstulit omnem Sensum animumque,

id. ib. 14, 177:

linqui deinde animo et submitti genu coepit,

Curt. 4, 6, 20: repente animo linqui solebat, Suet. Caes. 45:

ad recreandos defectos animo puleio,

Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152.—

The conscience, in mal. part. (v. conscientia, II. B. 2. b.):

cum conscius ipse animus se remordet,

Lucr. 4, 1135:

quos conscius animus exagitabat,

Sall. C. 14, 3:

suae malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent,

Cic. Sex. Rosc. 67.—

In Plaut. very freq., and once also in Cic., meton. for judicium, sententia, opinion, judgment; mostly meo quidem animo or meo animo, according to my mind, in my opinion, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 17:

e meo quidem animo aliquanto facias rectius, si, etc.,

id. Aul. 3, 6, 3:

meo quidem animo, hic tibi hodie evenit bonus,

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 69; so id. Aul. 3, 5, 4; id. Curc. 4, 2, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10; id. Ep. 1, 2, 8; id. Poen. 1, 2, 23; id. Rud. 4, 4, 94; Cic. Sest. 22:

edepol lenones meo animo novisti,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 19:

nisi, ut meus est animus, fieri non posse arbitror,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 5 (cf.:

EX MEI ANIMI SENTENTIA,

Inscr. Orell. 3665:

ex animi tui sententia,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108).—

The imagination, the fancy (for which Cic. often uses cogitatio, as Ac. 2, 15, 48):

cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

fingere animo jubebat aliquem etc.,

id. Sen. 12, 41: Fingite animis;

litterae enim sunt cogitationes nostrae, et quae volunt, sic intuentur, ut ea cernimus, quae videmus,

id. Mil. 29, 79:

Nihil animo videre poterant,

id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38.—

The power of feeling, the sensibility, the heart, the feelings, affections, inclinations, disposition, passions (either honorable or base; syn.: sensus, adfectus, pectus, cor), ho thumos.

a.. In gen., heart, soul, spirit, feeling, inclination, affection, passion: Medea, animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 36:

animo hercle homo suo est miser): tu si animum vicisti potius quam animus te, est quod gaudeas, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 -29:

harum scelera et lacrumae confictae dolis Redducunt animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:

Quo gemitu conversi animi (sunt),

Verg. A. 2, 73:

Hoc fletu concussi animi,

id. ib. 9, 498;

4, 310: animum offendere,

Cic. Lig. 4; id. Deiot. 33; so Vulg. Gen. 26, 35.—Mens and animus are often conjoined and contrasted, mind and heart (cf. the Homeric kata phrena kai kata thumon, in mind and heart): mentem atque animum delectat suum, entertains his mind and delights his heart, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10:

Satin tu sanus mentis aut animi tui?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

mala mens, malus animus,

bad mind, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:

animum et mentem meam ipsa cogitatione hominum excellentium conformabam,

Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

Nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,

id. Sen. 11, 36:

ut omnium mentes animosque perturbaret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 1, 21:

Istuc mens animusque fert,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 8:

Stare Socrates dicitur tamquam quodam recessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore,

Gell. 2, 1; 15, 2, 7.—

And very rarely with this order inverted: Jam vero animum ipsum mentemque hominis, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147:

mente animoque nobiscum agunt,

Tac. G. 29:

quem nobis animum, quas mentes imprecentur,

id. H. 1, 84;

and sometimes pleon. without such distinction: in primis regina quietum Accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam,

a quiet mind and kindly heart, Verg. A. 1, 304; so,

pravitas animi atque ingenii,

Vell. 2, 112, 7 (for mens et animus, etc., in the sense of thought, used as a pleonasm, v. supra, II. A. 1.):

Verum animus ubi semel se cupiditate devinxit mala, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34:

animus perturbatus et incitatus nec cohibere se potest, nec quo loco vult insistere,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

animum comprimit,

id. ib. 2, 22, 53:

animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

id. ib. 4, 37, 81; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1:

sed quid ego hic animo lamentor,

Enn. Ann. 6, 40:

tremere animo,

Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4:

ingentes animo concipit iras,

Ov. M. 1, 166:

exsultare animo,

id. ib. 6, 514.—So often ex animo, from the heart, from the bottom of one's heart, deeply, truly, sincerely:

Paulum interesse censes ex animo omnia facias an de industria?

from your heart or with some design, Ter. And. 4, 4, 55; id. Ad. 1, 1, 47:

nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 6: verbum [p. 124] ex animo dicere, id. Eun. 1, 2, 95:

sive ex animo id fit sive simulate,

Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168:

majore studio magisve ex animo petere non possum,

id. Fam. 11, 22:

ex animo vereque diligi,

id. ib. 9, 6, 2:

ex animo dolere,

Hor. A. P. 432:

quae (gentes) dederunt terram meam sibi cum gaudio et toto corde et ex animo,

Vulg. Ezech. 36, 5; ib. Eph. 6, 6; ib. 1 Pet. 5, 3.—And with gen.

With verbs:

Quid illam miseram animi excrucias?

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76; 4, 6, 65:

Antipho me excruciat animi,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

discrucior animi,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 1:

in spe pendebit animi,

id. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: juvenemque animi miserata repressit, pitying him in her heart, thumôi phileousa te kêdomenê te (Hom. Il. 1, 196), Verg. A. 10, 686.—

With adjj.:

aeger animi,

Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; 6, 10; Curt. 4, 3, 11; Tac. H. 3, 58:

infelix animi,

Verg. A. 4, 529:

felix animi,

Juv. 14, 159:

victus animi,

Verg. G. 4, 491:

ferox animi,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

promptus animi,

id. H. 2, 23:

praestans animi,

Verg. A. 12, 19:

ingens animi,

Tac. A. 1, 69 (for this gen. v. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Key, § 935; Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. v. 105; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. p. 443).—

Meton., disposition, character (so, often ingenium): nimis paene animo es Molli, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 49:

animo audaci proripit sese,

Pac. Trag. Rel. p. 109 Rib.:

petulans protervo, iracundo animo,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1; id. Truc. 4, 3, 1:

ubi te vidi animo esse omisso (omisso = neglegenti, Don.),

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9; Cic. Fam. 2. 17 fin.:

promptus animus vester,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2: animis estis simplicibus et mansuetis nimium creditis unicuique, Auct. ad Her. 4, 37:

eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

Sall. C. 14, 5:

Hecabe, Non oblita animorum, annorum oblita suorum,

Ov. M. 13, 550:

Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

sordidus atque animi parvi,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 10; Vell. 2, 25, 3:

Drusus animi fluxioris erat,

Suet. Tib. 52.—

In particular, some one specific emotion, inclination, or passion (honorable or base; in this signif., in the poets and prose writers, very freq. in the plur.). —

Courage, spirit:

ibi nostris animus additus est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 94; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31; id. And. 2, 1, 33:

deficiens animo maesto cum corde jacebat,

Lucr. 6, 1232:

virtute atque animo resistere,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

fac animo magno fortique sis,

id. ib. 6, 14 fin.:

Cassio animus accessit, et Parthis timor injectus est,

id. Att. 5, 20, 3:

nostris animus augetur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 70:

mihi in dies magis animus accenditur,

Sall. C. 20, 6; Cic. Att. 5, 18; Liv. 8, 19; 44, 29:

Nunc demum redit animus,

Tac. Agr. 3:

bellica Pallas adest, Datque animos,

Ov. M. 5, 47:

pares annis animisque,

id. ib. 7, 558:

cecidere illis animique manusque,

id. ib. 7, 347 (cf.:

tela viris animusque cadunt,

id. F. 3, 225) et saep.—Hence, bono animo esse or uti, to be of good courage, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5: Am. Bono animo es. So. Scin quam bono animo sim? Plaut. Am. 22, 39:

In re mala animo si bono utare, adjuvat,

id. Capt. 2, 1, 9:

bono animo fac sis,

Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 1:

quin tu animo bono es,

id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

quare bono animo es,

Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 26; ib. Act. 18, 25;

so also, satis animi,

sufficient courage, Ov. M. 3, 559.—Also for hope:

magnus mihi animus est, hodiernum diem initium libertatis fore,

Tac. Agr, 30.— Trop., of the violent, stormy motion of the winds of AEolus:

Aeolus mollitque animos et temperat iras,

Verg. A. 1, 57.—Of a top:

dant animos plagae,

give it new force, quicker motion, Verg. A. 7, 383.—

Of spirit in discourse: in Asinio Pollione et consilii et animi satis,

Quint. 10, 1, 113. —

Haughtiness, arrogance, pride: quae civitas est in Asia, quae unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus capere possit? can bear the arrogance and pride, etc., Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66:

jam insolentiam noratis hominis: noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios,

id. Clu. 39, 109; so id. Caecin. 11 al.; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 3 (cf.:

quia paululum vobis accessit pecuniae, Sublati animi sunt,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 56).—

Violent passion, vehemence, wrath:

animum vincere, iracundiam cohibere, etc.,

Cic. Marcell. 3:

animum rege, qui nisi paret Imperat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

qui dominatur animo suo,

Vulg. Prov. 16, 32.—So often in plur.; cf hoi thumoi: ego meos animos violentos meamque iram ex pectore jam promam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 43:

vince animos iramque tuam,

Ov. H. 3, 85; id. M. 8, 583; Prop. 1, 5, 12:

Parce tuis animis, vita, nocere tibi,

id. 2, 5, 18:

Sic longius aevum Destruit ingentes animos,

Luc. 8, 28:

coeunt sine more, sine arte, Tantum animis iraque,

Stat. Th. 11, 525 al. —

Moderation, patience, calmness, contentedness, in the phrase aequus animus, an even mind:

si est animus aequos tibi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 10; id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145; and often in the abl., aequo animo, with even mind, patiently, etc.:

aequo animo ferre,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 23; Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Sen. 23, 84; Nep. Dion. 6, 4; Liv. 5, 39:

aequo animo esse,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7; ib. Judith, 7, 23: Aequo animo est? of merry heart (Gr. euthumei), ib. Jac. 5, 13:

animis aequis remittere,

Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

aequiore animo successorem opperiri,

Suet. Tib. 25:

haud aequioribus animis audire,

Liv. 23, 22: sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; stultissimus iniquissimo. Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; Sall. C. 3, 2; Suet. Aug. 56:

iniquo animo,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 150 Rib.; Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Quint. 11, 1, 66.—

Agreeable feeling, pleasure, delight:

cubat amans animo obsequens,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134:

indulgent animis, et nulla quid utile cura est,

Ov. M. 7, 566; so, esp. freq.: animi causa (in Plaut. once animi gratia), for the sake of amusement, diversion (cf.:

haec (animalia) alunt animi voluptatisque causa,

Caes. B. G. 5, 12):

Post animi causa mihi navem faciam,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 27; so id. Trin. 2, 2, 53; id. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

liberare fidicinam animi gratia,

id. ib. 2, 2, 90:

qui illud animi causa fecerit, hunc praedae causa quid facturum putabis?

Cic. Phil. 7, 6:

habet animi causa rus amoenum et suburbanum,

id. Rosc. Am. 46 Matth.; cf. id. ib. § 134, and Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56; Cic. Fam. 7, 2:

Romanos in illis munitionibus animine causa cotidie exerceri putatis?

Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Plin. praef. 17 Sill.—

Disposition toward any one:

hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1 fin.:

meus animus erit in te semper, quem tu esse vis,

id. ib. 5, 18 fin.:

qui, quo animo inter nos simus, ignorant,

id. ib. 3, 6; so id. ib. 4, 15;

5, 2: In quo in primis quo quisque animo, studio, benevolentia fecerit, ponderandum est,

id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

quod (Allobroges) nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,

to be well disposed, Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin. —In the pregn. signif. of kind, friendly feeling, affection, kindness, liberality:

animum fidemque praetorianorum erga se expertus est,

Suet. Oth. 8:

Nec non aurumque animusque Latino est,

Verg. A. 12, 23.—Hence, meton., of a person who is loved, my heart, my soul:

salve, anime mi,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 3:

da, meus ocellus, mea rosa, mi anime, da, mea voluptas,

id. As. 3, 3, 74; so id. ib. 5, 2, 90; id. Curc. 1, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 48; id. Most. 1, 4, 23; id. Men. 1, 3, 1; id. Mil. 4, 8, 20; id. Rud. 4, 8, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15 et saep. —

The power of willing, the will, inclination, desire, purpose, design, intention (syn.: voluntas, arbitrium, mens, consilium, propositum), hê boulêsis:

qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit,

Att. Trag Rel. p. 182 Rib.:

pro inperio tuo meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 23:

Ex animique voluntate id procedere primum,

goes forth at first from the inclination of the soul, Lucr. 2, 270; so,

pro animi mei voluntate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 8 (v. Manut. ad h.l.):

teneo, quid animi vostri super hac re siet,

Plaut. Am. prol. 58; 1, 1, 187:

Nam si semel tuom animum ille intellexerit, Prius proditurum te etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69:

Prius quam tuom ut sese habeat animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

id. And. 2, 3, 4:

Sin aliter animus voster est, ego etc.,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 46:

Quid mi istaec narras? an quia non audisti, de hac re animus meus ut sit?

id. Hec. 5, 2, 19:

qui ab auro gazaque regia manus, oculos, animum cohibere possit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 66:

istum exheredare in animo habebat,

id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nobis crat in animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, we had it in mind to send, etc., id. Fam. 14, 11; Serv. ad Cic. ib. 4, 12:

hostes in foro constiterunt, hoc animo, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

insurrexerunt uno animo in Paulum,

with one mind, Vulg. Act. 18, 12; 19, 29: persequi Jugurtham animus ardebat, Sall. J. 39, 5 Gerlach (others, animo, as Dietsch); so id. de Rep. Ord. 1, 8: in nova fert an mus mutatas dicere formas, my mind inclines to tell of, etc., Ov. M. 1, 1.—Hence, est animus alicui, with inf., to have a mind for something, to aim at, etc.:

omnibus unum Opprimere est animus,

Ov. M. 5, 150:

Sacra Jovi Stygio perficere est animus,

Verg. A. 4, 639:

Fuerat animus conjuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere,

Suet. Caes. 82 fin.; id. Oth. 6; cf. id. Calig. 56.—So, aliquid alicui in animo est, with inf., Tac. G. 3.—So, inducere in animum or animum, to resolve upon doing something; v. induco.—

Trop., of the principle of life and activity in irrational objects, as in Engl. the word mind is used.

Of brutes:

in bestiis, quarum animi sunt rationis expertes,

whose minds, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80:

Sunt bestiae, in quibus etiam animorum aliqua ex parte motus quosdam videmus,

id. Fin. 5, 14, 38:

ut non inscite illud dictum videatur in sue, animum illi pecudi datum pro sale, ne putisceret,

id. ib. 5, 13, 38, ubi v. Madv.:

(apes Ingentes animos angusto in pectore versant,

Verg. G. 4, 83:

Illiusque animos, qui multos perdidit unus, Sumite serpentis,

Ov. M. 3, 544:

cum pecudes pro regionis caelique statu et habitum corporis et ingenium animi et pili colorem gerant,

Col. 6, 1, 1:

Umbria (boves progenerat) vastos nec minus probabiles animis quam corporibus,

id. 6, 1, 2 si equum ipsum nudum et solum corpus ejus et animum contemplamur, App. de Deo Socr. 23 (so sometimes mens:

iniquae mentis asellus,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 20).—

Of plants:

haec quoque Exuerint silvestrem animum, i. e. naturam, ingenium,

their wild nature, Verg. G. 2, 51.—

Transf. Of God or the gods, as we say, the Divine Mind, the Mind of God:

certe et deum ipsum et divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti possumus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51 (so mens, of God, id. ib. 1, 22, 66; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126):

Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?

Verg. A. 1, 11.

verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).

Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

turbinem puer,

Tib. 1, 5, 4:

turdos in igni,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

ova non acri favillā,

Ov. M. 8, 667:

cum versati appositi essent pisces,

Quint. 6, 3, 90:

vinclorum inmensa volumina,

Verg. A. 5, 408:

manum,

Ov. M. 12, 493:

lumina,

id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

7, 579: cardinem,

id. ib. 4, 93:

fusum,

id. ib. 4, 221;

6, 22: corpus,

id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

sortem urnā,

to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

ligonibus glaebas,

to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

rura (juvenci),

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

terram,

Ov. R. Am. 173:

desectum gramen,

hay, id. M. 14, 646:

currum in gramine,

i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

oves,

to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

pulsat versatque Dareta,

id. A. 5, 460:

me versant in litore venti,

id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

mundum versari circum axem caeli,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

qui (orbes) versantur retro,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

ne versari aves possent,

Col. 8, 7, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

eadem multis modis,

id. Or. 40, 137:

causas,

i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

id. 5, 14, 32:

verba,

to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

fors omnia versat,

turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

Tib. 1, 5, 70:

huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

Curt. 6, 6, 27.—

In partic. (rare in Cic.).

Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

haerere homo, versari, rubere,

to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

miserum toto cubili,

Prop. 1, 14, 21:

illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

odiis domos,

to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

pectora,

id. ib. 2, 45:

muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

Liv. 1, 58, 3:

patrum animos,

id. 1, 17, 1:

pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—

To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

Liv. 3, 34, 4:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

dolos,

id. ib. 2, 62:

versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

Hor. A. P. 39:

ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

Quint. 8, 3, 13:

versenturque omni modo numeri,

examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

somnia decies,

to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—

Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.

Lit.:

vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

in medio pariete,

id. Cas. 1, 52:

non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

in fundo,

id. Mil. 20, 53:

in castris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

inter aciem,

id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

intra vallum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

alicui inter femina,

Suet. Tib. 44:

nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

apud praefectos regis,

Nep. Con. 2, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

Cat. 64, 149:

ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

in clarissimā luce,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

id. Planc. 10, 26:

in simili culpā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—

In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.

Of persons.

With in and abl. (class.):

opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

versabor in re difficili,

id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

id. Arch. 12, 30;

ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

si diutius in hoc genere verser,

id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

multum in imperiis,

Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

Quint. 2, 21, 19.—

With inter:

inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.—

Of abstract subjects.

With in and abl. (class.):

haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

omnia quae in causā versarentur,

Quint. 7, 1, 4:

epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

id. 5, 2, 1.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

Quint. 6, 2, 20:

circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

id. 3, 6, 23:

quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

id. 2, 15, 15.—

With abl.:

itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—

Part. perf.:

homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

Tac. Agr. 7.

verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).

Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

turbinem puer,

Tib. 1, 5, 4:

turdos in igni,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

ova non acri favillā,

Ov. M. 8, 667:

cum versati appositi essent pisces,

Quint. 6, 3, 90:

vinclorum inmensa volumina,

Verg. A. 5, 408:

manum,

Ov. M. 12, 493:

lumina,

id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

7, 579: cardinem,

id. ib. 4, 93:

fusum,

id. ib. 4, 221;

6, 22: corpus,

id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

sortem urnā,

to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

ligonibus glaebas,

to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

rura (juvenci),

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

terram,

Ov. R. Am. 173:

desectum gramen,

hay, id. M. 14, 646:

currum in gramine,

i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

oves,

to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

pulsat versatque Dareta,

id. A. 5, 460:

me versant in litore venti,

id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

mundum versari circum axem caeli,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

qui (orbes) versantur retro,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

ne versari aves possent,

Col. 8, 7, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

eadem multis modis,

id. Or. 40, 137:

causas,

i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

id. 5, 14, 32:

verba,

to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

fors omnia versat,

turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

Tib. 1, 5, 70:

huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

Curt. 6, 6, 27.—

In partic. (rare in Cic.).

Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

haerere homo, versari, rubere,

to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

miserum toto cubili,

Prop. 1, 14, 21:

illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

odiis domos,

to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

pectora,

id. ib. 2, 45:

muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

Liv. 1, 58, 3:

patrum animos,

id. 1, 17, 1:

pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—

To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

Liv. 3, 34, 4:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

dolos,

id. ib. 2, 62:

versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

Hor. A. P. 39:

ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

Quint. 8, 3, 13:

versenturque omni modo numeri,

examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

somnia decies,

to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—

Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.

Lit.:

vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

in medio pariete,

id. Cas. 1, 52:

non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

in fundo,

id. Mil. 20, 53:

in castris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

inter aciem,

id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

intra vallum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

alicui inter femina,

Suet. Tib. 44:

nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

apud praefectos regis,

Nep. Con. 2, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

Cat. 64, 149:

ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

in clarissimā luce,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

id. Planc. 10, 26:

in simili culpā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—

In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.

Of persons.

With in and abl. (class.):

opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

versabor in re difficili,

id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

id. Arch. 12, 30;

ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

si diutius in hoc genere verser,

id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

multum in imperiis,

Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

Quint. 2, 21, 19.—

With inter:

inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.—

Of abstract subjects.

With in and abl. (class.):

haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

omnia quae in causā versarentur,

Quint. 7, 1, 4:

epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

id. 5, 2, 1.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

Quint. 6, 2, 20:

circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

id. 3, 6, 23:

quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

id. 2, 15, 15.—

With abl.:

itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—

Part. perf.:

homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

Tac. Agr. 7.

ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [ago], as if the supine were agitu; cf.: quaero quaerito.

Lit., to put a thing in motion, to drive or impel (mostly poet., or in more elevated prose; from poetry it passed, after the Aug. per., into common prose).

Of cattle, to drive, conduct (cf. ago):

calcari quadrupedem agitabo advorsum clivom,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118:

stimulo boves agitat,

Vulg. Eccli. 38, 26:

hanc in curru bijugos agitare leones,

drives her span of lions, Lucr. 2, 602:

agitantur quadrigae,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 41 Müll.:

ad flumina currus,

Verg. G. 3, 18:

jussit agitari currum suum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 4: lanigeros greges hirtasque capellas, to drive, poet. for to tend, Verg. G. 3, 287:

sacros jugales (dracones),

Ov. M. 5, 661:

quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios,

Suet. Caes. 39.—

Of the motion of other things, to move, impel, shake:

triremem in portu,

Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

alas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 21:

manibusque leves agitavit habenas,

id. M. 7, 221:

hastam,

id. ib. 3, 667: caput, to move the head ( in token of assent = annuere), id. ib. 1, 567:

arundinem vento agitatam,

Vulg. Matt. 11, 7.—Esp., of animals, to hunt, chase, pursue: etiamsi excitaturus [p. 72] non sis nec agitaturus feras, Cic. Off. 3, 17:

aquila insectans alias aves atque agitans,

id. Div. 2, 70:

trepidas columbas,

Ov. M. 5, 606; 11, 300:

damas,

id. ib. 10, 539:

cursu timidos onagros,

Verg. G. 3, 409 al. —

Of the motion caused by the wind, to drive to and fro, toss about, agitate, disturb:

ventus enim fit, ubi est agitando percitus aër,

when the air is violently agitated and driven, Lucr. 6, 686:

mare ventorum vi agitari atque turbari,

Cic. Clu. 49 fin.; id. Univ. 3, 7:

freta ponti Incipiunt agitata tumescere,

Verg. G. 1, 357:

aristas,

Ov. A. A. 1, 553:

Zephyris agitata Tempe,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 24:

ventis agitatur pinus,

id. ib. 2, 10, 9:

veteres agitantur orni,

id. ib. 1, 9, 12:

agitaret aura capillos,

id. Epod. 15, 9.—

Of the motion caused by the water: agitata numina Trojae, tossed or driven about upon the sea, Verg. A. 6, 68; Prop. 3, 21, 5.—

In gen., of the motion caused by other things:

magnes (lapis) agitat (ferri ramenta) per aes,

Lucr. 6, 1054:

agitari inter se concursu,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39: pulsu externo agitari, Macr Somn. Scip. 9.— Poet. of mist, to produce it by motion or agitation: dejectuque (Peneus) gravi tenues agitantia fumos Nubila conducit, and by its impetuous descent (into the valley) raises clouds producing mist, Ov. M. 1, 571—

Trop.

To rouse up, excite, move, urge, drive, impel one to something: aliquem, sometimes in aliquid (so in Florus very freq.):

in furias agitantur equae,

are excited to fury, Ov. A. A. 2, 487:

agitare plebem,

to stir up, rouse, Liv. 3, 11:

populum,

Flor. 2, 12, 2; so id. 11, 6, 2 al.:

agitatus cupiditate regni,

id. 3, 1:

gens sacratis legibus agitata in exitium urbis,

id. 1, 16, 7.—

To disquiet, disturb, to drive hither and thither, to vex, trouble, torment (the fig. taken from the sea agitated by storm; cf. Gernh. and Beier upon Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82):

dii deaeque te agitant irati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 115:

atra bilis agitat hominem,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; so id. Curc. 1, 1, 92; 2, 1, 24:

ut eos agitent furiae, neque usquam consistere patiantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 331:

scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes,

id. ib. 4, 471):

suum quemque scelus agitat amentiaque afficit,

id. ib. 24:

agitare et insequi poëtas,

Tac. Or. 4; 25 and 41:

multis injuriis jactata atque agita ta,

Cic. Quint. 2:

est magni viri, rebus agitatis (= perturbatis, Beier) punire sontes,

id. Off. 1, 24, 82:

agitabatur animus inopiā rei familiaris et conscientiā scelerum,

Sall. C. 5, 7:

quos conscientia defectionis agitabat,

Tac. Agr. 16:

commotus metu atque libidine diversus agitabatur,

was drawn in different directions, Sall. J 25, 6; Liv. 22, 12. ne te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 98:

quos agitabat timor,

Tac. Agr. 16:

timore et metu agitati,

Vulg. Judith, 15, 1:

injuriis agitatus,

Flor. 1, 8, 7:

seditionibus,

Just. 12, 4, 12.—

To assail with reproach, derision, insult; to reprove, blame, scoff, deride, insult, mock:

agitat rem militarem, insectatur totam legationem,

attacks, ridicules, Cic. Mur. 9, 21; id. Brut. 28, 109: mea saevis agitat fastidia verbis, Hor Epod. 12, 13; without verbis:

agitant expertia frugis,

id. A. P. 341:

vesanum poëtam agitant pueri,

id. ib. 456.—

In gen., to drive or urge on a thing, to accomplish or do, to drive at, to be employed in, be engaged in, to have, hold, keep, to celebrate; v. ago, II. D. (in the historians, esp. Sallust, very freq.):

Haec ego non agitem?

should I not drive at? Juv. 1, 52:

vigilias,

to keep, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 27; so,

custodiam,

id. Rud. 3, 6, 20; so Tac. A. 11, 18:

hoc agitemus convivium vino et sermone suavi,

let us celebrate, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 7:

Dionysia,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 18:

convivia,

Ov. M. 7, 431; Suet. Claud. 32 festa gaudia, Sil. 15, 423:

meum natalem,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 16;

so festos dies,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

jocos,

Ov. M. 3, 319:

agraria lex a Flavio tribuno plebis vehementer agitabatur,

was powerfully urged, supportcd, Cic. Att. 1, 19:

quae cum praecepta parentis mei agitarem,

was striving to comply with, Sall. J. 14, 2 (modestius dictum pro:

studere, ut agerem, Cort.): laeti pacem agitabamus,

were at peace, enjoyed the delights of peace, id. ib. 14, 10:

dicit se missum a consule venisse quaesitum ab eo, pacem an bellum agitaturus foret,

id. ib. 109, 2:

quoniam deditionis morā induciae agitabantur,

there was a truce, id. ib. 29, 4; id. C. 24, 2.— Poet.:

ceu primas agitant acies, certamina miscent,

as if they formed the front rank, Sil. 9, 330.—Hence of time, esp. life, to pass, spend (cf. ago, II. D 5.):

vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,

Sall. C. 2, 1:

agitare aevum,

Verg. G. 4, 154; id. A. 10, 235:

festos dies,

Tac. H. 3, 78.—In Sall., Tac., Flor., et al., agitare absol., to live, dwell, abide, sojourn, be:

hi propius mare Africum agitabant,

Sall. J 18, 9; cf id. ib. 19, 5; id. Fragm. H. 3, 11; so id. J. 54, 2; 59, 1; 94, 4:

laeti Germant agitabant,

Tac. A. 1, 50:

secretus agitat,

id. ib. 11, 21:

montium editis sine cultu atque eo ferocius agitabant,

id. ib. 4, 46; Flor. 4, 12, 48.—

Of the mind: agitare aliquid or de aliquā re (in corde, in mente, animo, cum animo, secum, etc.), to drive at a thing in the mind, i. e. to turn over, revolve, to weigh, consider, meditate upon, and with the idea of action to be performed or a conclusion to be made, to deliberate upon, to devise, contrive, plot, to be occupied with, to design, intend, etc.: id ego semper mecum sic agito et comparo, Att ap. Non. 256, 20:

quom eam rem in corde agito,

Plaut. Truc 2, 5, 3:

id agitans mecum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 10; so Sall. J. 113, 3:

habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41:

est tuum sic agitare animo, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 6, 1:

quae omnes animo agitabant,

Tac. A. 6, 9:

provincias secretis imaginationibus agitans,

id. ib. 15, 36 in animo bellum, Liv 21, 2; Vell. 1, 16; Quint. 12, 2, 28.—With inf., as object:

ut mente agitaret bellum renovare,

Nep. Ham. 1, 4.— Poet.:

aliquid jamdudum invadere magnum Mens agitat mihi,

Verg. A 9, 187. —Sometimes also without mente, animo, and the like, agitare aliquid, in the same signif:

quodsi ille hoc unum agitare coeperit, esse, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96:

rem a me saepe deliberatam et multum agitatam requiris,

id. Ac. 1, 2: oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, tractata, agitata ( well considered or weighed) esse debent, id. de Or. 3, 14:

fugam,

Verg. A. 2, 640.—So esp. freq. in Tac.:

Britanni agitare inter se mala servitutis, Agr 15: bellum adversus patrem agitare,

id. H. 4, 86, id. A. 1, 5; 1, 12.—With de:

de bello,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

agitanti de Claudio,

id. A. 6, 46:

de tempore ac loco caedis agitabant,

id. ib. 15, 50; 1, 12; id. H. 4, 59.—With num:

agitavere, num Messalinam depellerent amore Silli,

Tac. A. 11, 29; id. H. 1, 19.— With - ne:

agitavere placeretne, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 1.—With an:

an Artaxata pergeret, agitavit,

Tac. A. 13, 41 —With quomodo, Tac. A. 2, 12.—With ut (of purpose):

ut Neronem pudor caperet, insita spe agitari,

Tac. A. 16, 26.—

To treat or speak of or concerning a thing, to confer about, deliberate upon. Romae per omnīs locos et conventus de facto consulis agitart ( impers., for agitabatur), discussions were had, Sall. J 30, 1;

cum de foedere victor agitaret,

Liv. 9, 5; 30, 3.—

Sat agitare, with gen., in Plaut., = sat agere, to have enough to do, to have trouble with: nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum, Bacch. 4, 3, 23.

sĭnus, ūs, m.

In gen., a bent surface (raised or depressed), a curve, fold, a hollow, etc. (so mostly poet. and in postAug. prose): draco... conficiens sinus e corpore flexos, folds, coils, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106; so Ov. M. 15, 689; 15, 721:

sinu ex togā facto,

Liv. 21, 18 fin. —Of the bag of a fishing-net:

quando abiit rete pessum, tum adducit sinum (piscator),

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 15; so Juv. 4, 41;

and of a hunter's net,

Mart. 13, 100; Grat. Cyn. 29;

also of a spider's web,

Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82.—Of the bend or belly of a sail swollen by the wind:

velorum plenos subtrahis ipse sinus,

Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 30;

and so with or without velum,

Tib. 1, 3, 38; Verg. A. 3, 455; 5, 831; Ov. A. A. 3, 500; Luc. 6, 472; Sil. 7, 242; Quint. 10, 7, 23; 12, 10, 37 al.—Of hair, a curl, ringlet:

ut fieret torto flexilis orbe sinus,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 26; id. A. A. 3, 148.— Of the curve of a reaping-hook:

falcis ea pars, quae flectitur, sinus nominatur,

Col. 4, 25, 1 sq. —Of bones, a sinus:

umeri,

Cels. 8, 1 med.; cf.

ulceris,

id. 7, 2 med.:

suppurationis ferro recisae,

Col. 6, 11, 1; Veg. 4, 9, 3.—

In partic.

The hanging fold of the upper part of the toga, about the breast, the bosom of a garment; also the bosom of a person; sometimes also the lap (= gremium, the predom. class. signif.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense).

Lit.:

est aliquid in amictu: quod ipsum aliquatenus temporum condicione mutatum est. Nam veteribus nulli sinus, perquam breves post illos fuerunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 137; cf.

decentissimus,

id. 11, 3, 140 sq.:

(Caesar moriens) sinistrā manu sinum ad ima crura deduxit, quo honestius caderet,

Suet. Caes. 82 (for which, of the same:

togam manu demisit,

Val. Max. 4, 5, 6); Tib. 1, 6, 18:

praetextae sinus,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

ne admissum quidem quemquam senatorum nisi solum et praetentato sinu,

id. Aug. 35:

ut conchas legerent galeasque et sinus replerent,

id. Calig. 46:

cedo mihi ex ipsius sinu litteras Syracusanorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

aurum in sinu ejus invenerunt,

Quint. 7, 1, 30:

paternos In sinu ferens deos,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 27:

nuda genu, nodoque sinus collecta fluentis,

Verg. A. 1, 320:

et fluit effuso cui toga laxa sinu,

Tib. 1, 6, 14; cf.:

micat igneus ostro, Undantemque sinum nodis irrugat Iberis,

Stat. Th. 4, 265:

ad haec, quae a fortunā sparguntur, sinum expandit,

eagerly embraces, grasps, Sen. Ep. 74, 6:

aliquid velut magnum bonum intra sinum continere,

id. Vit. Beat. 23, 3; cf.:

sinum subducere alicui rei,

to reject, id. Thyest. 430.—Prov.:

sinu laxo (i. e. soluto) ferre aliquid,

i. e. to be careless about a thing, Hor. S. 2, 3, 172. —

Transf.

The purse, money, which was carried in the bosom of the toga (cf. supra, the passage, Quint. 7, 1, 30, and v. crumena; poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

semper amatorum ponderat illa sinus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 12:

quo pretium condat, non habet ille sinum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 18:

aere sinus plenos urbe reportare, Col. poët. 10, 310: plurium sinum ac domum inplere,

Sen. Ben. 6, 43, 1:

qui etiam condemnationes in sinum vertisse dicuntur... praedam omnem in sinum contulit,

into his purse, Lampr. Commod. 14 fin.:

avaritiae,

Juv. 1, 88.—Hence, M. Scaurus Marianis sodaliciis rapinarum provincialium sinus, the pocketer, i. e. the receiver, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 116; cf. Tac. H. 2, 92 fin.; 4, 14.—

Poet., a garment, in gen.:

Tyrio prodeat apta sinu,

Tib. 1, 9, 72; 1, 6, 18:

auratus,

Ov. F. 2, 310:

purpureus,

id. ib. 5, 28:

regalis,

id. H. 13, 36; 5, 71; Stat. S. 2, 1, 133.—

The bosom of a person:

manum in sinum alicui Inserere,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 2:

gelu rigentem colubram sinu fovit,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 3:

opposuit sinum Antonius stricto ferro,

Tac. H. 3, 10:

scortum in sinu consulis recubans,

Liv. 39, 43:

tangitur, et tacto concipit illa sinu, i. e. utero,

Ov. F. 5, 256:

usque metu micuere sinus, dum, etc.,

id. H. 1, 45:

horum in sinum omnia congerebant,

Plin. Pan. 45.—

Trop.

The bosom, as in most other languages, for love, protection, asylum, etc. (usu. in the phrases in sinu esse, habere, etc.;

syn. gremium): hic non amandus? hiccine non gestandus in sinu est?

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 75:

iste vero sit in sinu semper et complexu meo,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3; cf.:

postremum genus proprium est Catilinae, de ejus delectu, immo vero de complexu ejus ac sinu,

id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

suo sinu complexuque aliquem recipere,

id. Phil. 13, 4, 9; so (with complexus) id. ib. 2, 25, 61:

(Pompeius), mihi crede, in sinu est,

is very dear to me, id. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 1:

Bibulum noli dimittere e sinu tuo,

from your intimacy, id. ad Brut. 1, 7, 2:

praesertim si in amici sinu defieas,

on the bosom, Plin. Ep. 8, 16, 5:

in hujus sinu indulgentiāque educatus,

Tac. Agr. 4; so id. Or. 28; cf.: etsi commotus ingenio, simulationum tamen falsa in sinu avi perdidicerat, i. e. under the care or tuition, id. A. 6, 45 fin.:

confugit in sinum tuum concussa respublica,

i. e. into your arms, Plin. Pan. 6, 3; id. Ep. 8, 12, 1:

optatum negotium sibi in sinum delatum esse dicebat,

committed to his guardianship, care, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 50, § 131; cf. Plin. Pan. 45, 2:

respublica in Vespasiani sinum cessisset,

Tac. H. 3, 69; 3, 19; Dig. 22, 3, 27:

sinum praebere tam alte cadenti,

protection, Sen. Ira, 3, 23, 6.—

The interior, the inmost part of a thing:

alii intra moenia atque in sinu urbis sunt hostes,

in the midst, in the heart of the city, Sall. C. 52, 35:

in urbe ac sinu cavendum hostem,

Tac. H. 3, 38; Sil. 4, 34; 6, 652; Claud. Eutr. 2, 575:

ut (hostis) fronte simul et sinu exciperetur,

in the centre, Tac. A. 13, 40:

in intimo sinu pacis,

i. e. in the midst of a profound peace, Plin. Pan. 56, 4.—

In sinu alicujus, in the power or possession of (postAug. and rare):

opes Cremonensium in sinu praefectorum fore,

Tac. H. 3, 19:

omnem fortunam in sinu meo habui,

Dig. 22, 3, 27.—

A hiding-place, place of concealment: ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinunt, qs. in their bosoms (or, as we say, in their sleeve), i. e. in secret, Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51;

so of secret joy,

Tib. 4, 13, 8:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30; Sen. Ep. 105, 3; cf.

also: plaudere in sinum,

Tert. Pudic. 6: suum potius cubiculum ac sinum offerre contegendis quae, etc., the secrecy or concealment of her bed-chamber, Tac. A. 13, 13:

abditis pecuniis per occultos aut ambitiosos sinus,

i. e. in hidingplaces offered by obscurity or by high rank, id. H. 2, 92.—

Sinus Abrahae, the place of the spirits of the just (eccl. Lat.):

sinum Abrahae, regionem non caelestem, sublimiorem tamen Inferis,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34. —

A bay, bight, gulf:

ut primum ex alto sinus ab litore ad urbem inflectitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; cf.:

portus infusi in sinus oppidi,

id. Rep. 3, 31, 43; 1, 3, 5; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31; id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145; id. Att. 16, 6, 1; * Caes. B. C. 2, 32; Sall. J. 78, 2; Liv. 8, 24; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114 (Jahn, nivibus); Suet. Aug. 98; id. Tib. 16; Verg. A. 1, 243; 6, 132; Hor. C. 1, 33, 16; id. Epod. 10, 19.—

Transf.

The land lying on a gulf, a point of land that helps to form it (perh. not ante-Aug.):

segetibus in sinu Aenianum vastatis,

Liv. 28, 5 Drak.:

jam in sinum Maliacum venerat (with an army),

id. 37, 6; Tac. A. 14, 9; id. H. 3, 66; id. Agr. 23; Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 23; Just. [p. 1710] 2, 4, 26; 24, 4, 3.—

A curve or fold in land, a basin, hollow, valley:

Arpini terra campestri agro in ingentem sinum consedit,

Liv. 30, 2, 12:

subito dehiscit terra, et immenso sinu laxata patuit,

Sen. Oedip. 582; id. Herc. Fur. 679; Plin. 2, 44, 44, § 115:

jugum montis velut sinu quodam flexuque curvatum,

Curt. 3, 4, 6:

montium,

id. 3, 9, 12.

sīnus, i, m., v. sinum.

torquĕo, torsi, tortum, 2 (archaic inf. torquerier, Hor. S. 2, 8, 67), v. a. [Gr. trepô, to turn; cf. atrekês; also Sanscr. tarkus; Gr. atraktos, a spindle; and strephô, to twist], to turn, turn about or away; to twist, bend, wind (class.; syn. converto).

Lit.

In gen.:

cervices oculosque,

Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

oculum,

to roll, distort, id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora,

to twist awry, id. Off. 1, 36, 131:

ab obscenis sermonibus aurem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127:

oculos ad moenia,

Verg. A. 4, 220:

ad sonitum vocis vestigia,

id. ib. 3, 669:

serpens squamosos orbes Torquet,

Ov. M. 3, 42; cf.

anguis,

Verg. G. 3, 38:

capillos ferro,

i. e. to curl, frizzle, Ov. A. A. 1, 505:

stamina pollice,

id. M. 12, 475:

remis aquas,

id. F. 5, 644:

spumas,

Verg. A. 3, 208:

taxos in arcus,

to bend, id. G. 2, 448:

tegumen torquens immane leonis,

winding about him, id. A. 7, 666:

cum terra circum axem se convertat et torqueat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

torta circum bracchia vestis,

Tac. H. 5, 22.—

In partic.

To whirl around, to whirl in the act of throwing, to wield, brandish, to fling with force, to hurl (mostly poet.):

torquet nunc lapidem, nunc ingens machina tignum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 73:

amnis torquet sonantia saxa,

Verg. A. 6, 551:

stuppea torquentem Balearis verbera fundae,

id. G. 1, 309:

jaculum in hostem,

id. A. 10, 585; Ov. M. 12, 323: hastam in hunc, id. ib 5, 137;

for which: hastam alicui,

Val. Fl. 3, 193:

telum aurata ad tempora,

Verg. A. 12, 536:

tela manu,

Ov. M. 12, 99:

valido pila lacerto,

id. F. 2, 11:

glebas, ramos,

id. M. 11, 30:

cum fulmina torquet (Juppiter),

Verg. A. 4, 208;

and trop.: cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,

id. ib. 9, 671; cf.:

Eurus nubes in occiduum orbem,

Luc. 4, 63.—In prose:

torquere amentatas hastas lacertis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242.—

To twist awry, misplace, turn aside, distort:

negat sibi umquam, cum oculum torsisset, duas ex lucernā flammulas esse visas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

ora Tristia temptantum sensu (sapor) torquebit amaro,

Verg. G. 2, 247.—

To wrench the limbs upon the rack, to put to the rack or to the torture, to rack, torture (class.):

ita te nervo torquebo, itidem uti catapultae solent,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 12:

eculeo torqueri,

Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 42:

aliquem servilem in modum,

Suet. Aug. 27; cf.:

ira torquentium,

Tac. A. 15, 57:

servum in caput domini,

against his master, Dig. 48, 18, 1: vinctus tortusve, [p. 1880] Suet. Aug. 40 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to twist, wrest, distort, turn, bend, direct (a favorite expression of Cicero):

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

torquere et flectere imbecillitatem animorum,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

oratio ita flexibilis, ut sequatur, quocumque torqueas,

id. Or. 16, 52:

omnia ad suae causae commodum,

id. Inv. 2, 14, 46:

verbo ac litterā jus omne torqueri,

wrested, perverted, id. Caecin. 27, 77:

sonum,

to inflect, Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25:

cuncta tuo qui bella, pater, sub numine torques,

Verg. A. 12, 180:

versare sententias, et huc atque illuc torquere,

Tac. H. 1, 85.—

In partic. (acc. to A. 2.), to rack, torment, torture (syn.:

ango, crucio): tuae libidines te torquent,

Cic. Par. 2, 18:

mitto aurum coronarium, quod te diutissime torsit,

id. Pis. 37, 90: acriter nos tuae supplicationes torserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 1:

equidem dies noctesque torqueor,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4:

verbi controversia jam diu torquet Graeculos homines,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; 3, 9, 33:

stulti malorum memoriā torquentur,

id. Fin. 1, 17, 57:

sollicitudine, poenitentia, etc., torquetur mens,

Quint. 12, 1, 7:

invidiā vel amore vigil torquebere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 37; Ov. H. 20, 123:

torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

id. ib. 9, 36; cf. Hor. S. 2, 8, 67:

Aeacus torquet umbras,

holds inquisition over, Juv. 1, 9.— Transf.: (reges) dicuntur torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, qs. to rack with wine, i. e. to try or test with wine, Hor. A. P. 435; so,

vino tortus et irā,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 38.—

To hurl, fling (of language):

curvum sermone rotato enthymema,

Juv. 6, 449.—Hence, tortus, a, um, P. a., twisted, crooked, contorted, distorted.

Lit.:

via (labyrinthi),

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 42:

quercus,

i. e. a twisted oakgarland, Verg. G. 1, 349.—Hence,

Subst.: torta, ae, f., a twisted loaf, a twist, Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 3. —

Trop.:

condiciones,

confused, complicated, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 25. — Adv.: tortē, awry, crookedly:

torte penitusque remota,

Lucr. 4, 305 (329).

af-flīgo (better adf-), ixi, ictum, 3, v. a. (afflixint = afflixerint, Front. ad M. Caes. 3, 3).

Lit., to strike or beat a thing to some point, to cast or throw down or against, to dash, somewhere by striking; esp. of ships which are driven or cast away by the wind. —Constr. with ad or dat.:

te ad terram, scelus, adfligam,

I will dash thee to the earth, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 15, and id. Rud. 4, 3, 71:

nolo equidem te adfligi,

id. Most. 1, 4, 19:

statuam,

to throw down, overthrow, Cic. Pis. 38; so,

monumentum,

id. Cael. 32: domum, id. pro Dom. 40: (alces) si quo adflictae casu conciderint, Caes. B. G. 6, 27:

infirmas arbores pondere adfligunt,

id. ib.:

tempestas naves Rhodias adflixit, ita ut, etc.,

dashed them about, shattered them, id. B. C. 3, 27.—So in descriptions of a battle:

equi atque viri adflicti, etc.,

Sall. J.101,11:

ubi scalae comminutae, qui supersteterant, adflicti sunt,

were thrown down, id. ib. 60, 7:

ubi Mars communis et victum saepe erigeret et adfligeret victorem,

Liv. 28, 19:

imaginem solo,

Tac. H. 1, 41:

caput saxo,

to dash against, id. A. 4, 45:

aquila duos corvos adflixit et ad terram dedit,

Suet. Aug. 96 Ruhnk.; so id. Dom. 23.— Poet., Ov. M. 12, 139; 14, 206; Sil. 9, 631.—

Fig.

To ruin, weaken, cast down, prostrate: cum prospero flatu ejus (fortunae) utimur, ad exitus pervehimur optatos;

et cum reflavit, adfligimur,

Cic. Off. 2, 6:

virtus nostra nos adflixit,

has ruined, id. Fam. 14, 4; id. Sest. 7:

Pompeius ipse se adflixit,

id. Att. 2, 19:

senectus enervat et adfligit homines,

id. Sen. 70:

opes hostium,

Liv. 2, 16:

aliquem bello,

id. 28, 39:

Othonianas partes,

Tac. H. 2, 33:

amicitias,

Suet. Tib. 51; so id. Aug. 66 et saep.—

To reduce, lower, or lessen in value (syn. minuo):

hoc oratoris esse maxime proprium, rem augere posse laudando, vituperandoque rursus adfligere,

to bring down, Cic. Brut. 12.— Trop., of courage, to cast down, dishearten, to diminish, lessen, impair:

animos adfligere et debilitare metu,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34.—

Adfligere causam susceptam, to let a lawsuit which has been undertaken fall through, to give up, abandon, Cic. Sest. 41, 89.—Hence, afflictus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

Cast down, ill used, wretched, miserable, unfortunate, distressed; lit. and trop.:

naves,

damaged, shattered, Caes. B. G. 4, 31:

Graecia perculsa et adflicta et perdita,

Cic. Fl. 7:

ab adflictā amicitiā transfugere et ad florentem aliam devolare,

id. Quint. 30:

non integra fortuna, at adflicta,

id. Sull. 31:

adflictum erigere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 29.— Comp.:

adflictiore condicione esse,

id. Fam. 6,1;

hence: res adflictae (like accisae and adfectae),

disordered, embarrassed, ruined circumstances, affairs in a bad state, ill condition, Sall. J. 76, 6; so Luc. 1, 496; Just. 4, 5:

copiae,

Suet. Oth. 9.—

Fig.

Of the mind: cast down, dejected, discouraged, desponding:

aegritudine adflictus, debilitatus, jacens,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16:

luctu,

id. Phil. 9, 5:

maerore,

id. Cat. 2, 1:

adflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam,

Verg. A. 2, 92; Suet. Oth. 9.—

Of character, like abjectus, abandoned, outcast, depraved, low, mean, base, vile:

homo adflictus et perditus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 10:

nemo tam adflictis est moribus, quin, etc.,

Macr. S. 6, 7.— Sup. and adv. not used.

af-flīgo (better adf-), ixi, ictum, 3, v. a. (afflixint = afflixerint, Front. ad M. Caes. 3, 3).

Lit., to strike or beat a thing to some point, to cast or throw down or against, to dash, somewhere by striking; esp. of ships which are driven or cast away by the wind. —Constr. with ad or dat.:

te ad terram, scelus, adfligam,

I will dash thee to the earth, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 15, and id. Rud. 4, 3, 71:

nolo equidem te adfligi,

id. Most. 1, 4, 19:

statuam,

to throw down, overthrow, Cic. Pis. 38; so,

monumentum,

id. Cael. 32: domum, id. pro Dom. 40: (alces) si quo adflictae casu conciderint, Caes. B. G. 6, 27:

infirmas arbores pondere adfligunt,

id. ib.:

tempestas naves Rhodias adflixit, ita ut, etc.,

dashed them about, shattered them, id. B. C. 3, 27.—So in descriptions of a battle:

equi atque viri adflicti, etc.,

Sall. J.101,11:

ubi scalae comminutae, qui supersteterant, adflicti sunt,

were thrown down, id. ib. 60, 7:

ubi Mars communis et victum saepe erigeret et adfligeret victorem,

Liv. 28, 19:

imaginem solo,

Tac. H. 1, 41:

caput saxo,

to dash against, id. A. 4, 45:

aquila duos corvos adflixit et ad terram dedit,

Suet. Aug. 96 Ruhnk.; so id. Dom. 23.— Poet., Ov. M. 12, 139; 14, 206; Sil. 9, 631.—

Fig.

To ruin, weaken, cast down, prostrate: cum prospero flatu ejus (fortunae) utimur, ad exitus pervehimur optatos;

et cum reflavit, adfligimur,

Cic. Off. 2, 6:

virtus nostra nos adflixit,

has ruined, id. Fam. 14, 4; id. Sest. 7:

Pompeius ipse se adflixit,

id. Att. 2, 19:

senectus enervat et adfligit homines,

id. Sen. 70:

opes hostium,

Liv. 2, 16:

aliquem bello,

id. 28, 39:

Othonianas partes,

Tac. H. 2, 33:

amicitias,

Suet. Tib. 51; so id. Aug. 66 et saep.—

To reduce, lower, or lessen in value (syn. minuo):

hoc oratoris esse maxime proprium, rem augere posse laudando, vituperandoque rursus adfligere,

to bring down, Cic. Brut. 12.— Trop., of courage, to cast down, dishearten, to diminish, lessen, impair:

animos adfligere et debilitare metu,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34.—

Adfligere causam susceptam, to let a lawsuit which has been undertaken fall through, to give up, abandon, Cic. Sest. 41, 89.—Hence, afflictus ( adf-), a, um, P. a.

Cast down, ill used, wretched, miserable, unfortunate, distressed; lit. and trop.:

naves,

damaged, shattered, Caes. B. G. 4, 31:

Graecia perculsa et adflicta et perdita,

Cic. Fl. 7:

ab adflictā amicitiā transfugere et ad florentem aliam devolare,

id. Quint. 30:

non integra fortuna, at adflicta,

id. Sull. 31:

adflictum erigere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 29.— Comp.:

adflictiore condicione esse,

id. Fam. 6,1;

hence: res adflictae (like accisae and adfectae),

disordered, embarrassed, ruined circumstances, affairs in a bad state, ill condition, Sall. J. 76, 6; so Luc. 1, 496; Just. 4, 5:

copiae,

Suet. Oth. 9.—

Fig.

Of the mind: cast down, dejected, discouraged, desponding:

aegritudine adflictus, debilitatus, jacens,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16:

luctu,

id. Phil. 9, 5:

maerore,

id. Cat. 2, 1:

adflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam,

Verg. A. 2, 92; Suet. Oth. 9.—

Of character, like abjectus, abandoned, outcast, depraved, low, mean, base, vile:

homo adflictus et perditus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 10:

nemo tam adflictis est moribus, quin, etc.,

Macr. S. 6, 7.— Sup. and adv. not used.

āla, ae, f. [for axla, contr. from axilla, Cic. Or. 45, 153; cf. anchos = ômos (Hesych.) = shoulder = O. H. Germ. Ahsala; Germ. Achsel].

Lit., a wing, as of a bird: galli plausu premunt alas, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 26; Verg. A. 3, 226 al.: Me. Vox mihi ad aurīs advolavit. So. Ne ego homo infelix fui, qui non alas intervelli, that I did not pluck off its wings, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 170.— Poet., of the gods:

Mors atris circumvolat alis,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 58:

volucris Fati Tardavit alas,

id. C. 2, 17, 25:

bibulae Cupidinis alae,

Ov. A. A. 1, 233:

furvis circumdatus alis Somnus,

Tib. 2, 1, 89:

me jocundis Sopor impulit alis,

Prop. 1, 3, 45:

Madidis Notus evolat alis,

Ov. M. 1, 264.—Of sails:

velorum pandimus alas,

Verg. A. 3, 520.—Of oars:

classis centenis remiget alis,

Prop. 4, 6, 47:

remigium alarum,

Verg. A. 1, 301 (cf. Hom. Od. 11, 125);

so inversely remi is used of wings: super fluctus alarum insistere remis,

Ov. M. 5, 558 (cf. pterois eressei, Eur. Iphig. Taur. 289; Aeschyl. Agam. 52; and cf. Lucr. 6, 743). —Of wind and lightning:

Nisus Emicat et ventis et fulminis ocior alis,

Verg. A. 5, 319 al. —

Transf.

In man, the upper and under part of the arm, where it unites with the shoulder; the armpit, Liv. 9, 41; 30, 34:

aliquid sub alā portare,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 12:

hirquinae,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51:

hirsutae,

Hor. Epod. 12, 5:

halitus oris et alarum vitia,

Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

virus alarum et sudores,

id. 35, 15, 52, § 185:

sudor alarum,

Petr. 128 (many Romans were accustomed to pluck out the hair from the armpits, Sen. Ep. 114; Juv. 11, 157; v. alipilus).—

In animals, the hollow where the foreleg is joined to the shoulder; the shoulder - blade. —Of elephants, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 324.—Of frogs, Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 159.—

In trees and plants, the hollow where the branch unites with the stem, Plin. 16, 7, 10, § 29; so id. 22, 18, 21, § 45; 25, 5, 18, § 38 al.—

In buildings, the wings, the side apartments on the right and left of the court, the side halls or porches, the colonnades; called also in Gr. ptera, Vitr. 6, 4, 137; 4, 7, 92.—

In milit. lang., the wing of an army (thus conceived of as a bird of prey), commonly composed of the Roman cavalry and the troops of the allies, esp. their horsemen; hence, alarii in contrast with legionarii, and separated from them in enumeration, also having a leader, called praefectus alae, Tac. H. 2, 59 al.; cf. Lips. de Milit. Rom. 1, 10 Manut.; Cic. Fam. 2, 17 fin.; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Smith, Dict. Antiq.; Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 6; cf. Gell. 10, 9, 1:

Alae, equites: ob hoc alae dicti, quia pedites tegunt alarum vice,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 121: peditatu, equitibus atque alis cum hostium legionibus pugnavit, Cato ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45:

dextera ala (in alas divisum socialem exercitum habebat) in primā acie locata est,

Liv. 31, 21; Vell. 2, 117 al.—An ala, as a military division, usu. consisted of about 500 men, Liv. 10, 29.

—So, Ala Flaviana, Ala Nova, et saep. (cf. castrum, II. 1. fin.).

circum-flo, āre, v. n., to blow round about; of the wind (very rare;

in the class. per. only in the foll. exs.): circumflantibus Austris,

Stat. Th. 11, 42.—

Trop.: ab omnibus ventis invidiae circumflari, to be assailed by every blast. of envy, * Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 98.

crĕpo, ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a. [Sanscr. krap, to lament; cf. crabro] (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; in class. prose, concrepo).

Neutr., to rattle, crack, creak, rustle, clatter, tinkle, jingle, chink, etc.

In gen.:

foris,

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 34; Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11:

fores,

id. Eun. 5, 7, 5; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 121; 3, 3, 52:

intestina (with crepitant),

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 26:

herba Sabina ad focos,

Prop. 4 (5), 3, 58; cf. Ov. F. 4, 742:

sonabile sistrum,

id. M. 9, 784 (cf. crepitanti sistro, Prop. 3 (4), 11 (9 Bip.), 43): crepante pede. Hor. Epod. 16, 48:

nubes subito motu,

Ov. F. 2, 501:

catena,

Sen. Ep. 9, 8:

lapis, in statuā Memnonis,

Plin. 36, 7, 11, § 58 et saep.: digiti crepantis signa novit eunuchus, a snapping the fingers (as a sign of a command), Mart. 3, 82, 15; cf.

concrepo, I.—Of the voice: vox generosa, quae non composita nec alienis auribus sed subito data crepuit,

because loud, Sen. Clem. 2, 1, 1.—

In partic., to break wind, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 206; Mart. 12, 77 and 78; cf. crepitus, B.—In a play upon words: Co. Fores hae fecerunt magnum flagitium modo. Ad. Quid id est flagitii? Co. Crepuerunt clare, Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 33.—

Transf., to break with a [p. 481] crash:

remi,

Verg. A. 5, 206.—

Act., to make something sound, make a noise with, cause to resound or rattle.

Lit.:

(Camenae) manibus faustos ter crepuere sonos,

i. e. clapped, Prop. 3 (4), 10, 4; so,

ter laetum sonum populus,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 26:

procul auxiliantia aera,

Stat. Th. 6, 687: aureolos, to make to chink, i. e. to count, Mart. 5, 19, 14.—Esp. freq.,

Trop., to say something or talk noisily, to make much ado about, to boast of, prattle, prate, etc.:

neque ego ad mensam publicas res clamo neque leges crepo,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 56:

sulcos et vineta,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 84:

quid veri,

id. S. 2, 3, 33:

immunda dicta,

id. A. P. 247:

post vina gravem militiam aut pauperiem,

id. C. 1, 18, 5; cf. with a rel.-clause: crepat, antiquum genus ut... tolerarit aevum, * Lucr. 2, 1170.

signum, i, n. [perh. Sanscr. sag-, to cling to, adhere; cf. sigilla].

In gen., a mark, token, sign, indication (very frequent in all styles and periods; cf.

insigne): meo patri torulus inerit aureus Sub petaso: id signum Amphitruoni non erit,

Plaut. Am. prol. 145 sq.:

ut eam (nutricem) adducam et signa ostendam haec, i. e. crepundia,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 38; 5, 3, 5:

ut fures earum rerum, quas ceperunt, signa commutant, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74; so (with notae) id. de Or. 2, 41, 174; id. Lael. 17, 62; cf.:

omne probabile aut signum est aut credibile... Signum est, quod sub sensum aliquem cadit et quiddam significat, quod ex ipso profectum videtur, etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 30, 47 sq.:

aut pecori signum aut numeros inpressit acervis,

Verg. G. 1, 263; cf.:

servitii signum cervice gerens,

Ov. M. 3, 16:

jaculo mihi vulnera fecit.—Signa vides: apparet adhuc vetus ecce cicatrix,

Ov. M. 12, 444:

metam Constituit signum nautis pater, unde reverti Scirent, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 130:

scutum signi gratia positum,

Quint. 6, 3, 38:

signa pedum,

tracks, prints, Ov. M. 4, 543;

and simply signa,

Verg. A. 8, 212 al.:

oculis mihi signum dedit, Ne se appellarem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

dare,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11:

dicere deos gallis signum dedisse cantandi,

Cic. Div. 2, 26, 57 al.:

signa esse ad salutem,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

animi pudentis signum,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

color pudoris signum,

id. And. 5, 3, 7:

signa doloris ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190:

mortis dare,

Lucr. 6, 1182:

timoris mittere,

to exhibit, display, Caes. B. C. 1, 71 et saep.—With obj.-clause:

magnum hoc quoque signum est, dominam esse extra noxiam,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 57; Nep. Att. 17, 2.—In predic. gen. with neutr. pron.: hoc est signi;

ubi primum poterit, se illinc subducet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 14:

id erit signi me invitum facere, quod, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 83; Auct. Her. 4, 5, 8; Cato, R. R. 38, 4; 88, 2:

nil tamen est signi,

Lucr. 5, 918; cf.:

quid signi?

Cic. Cael. 16, 38, 2.— Hence, a surname, epithet (rare):

huic signum exercitus apposuit,

Vop. Am. 6; cf. Capitol. Gord. 4.—

In partic.

In milit. lang.

The distinctive sign of a division of an army.

A military standard, ensign, banner (including the aquila):

signifero interfecto, signo amisso,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

ut neque signiferi viam, nec signa milites cernerent,

Liv. 33, 7:

Hasdrubal ut procul signa legionum fulgentia vidit,

id. 28, 14; 22, 21; Col. 9, 9, 4:

inter signa militaria,

Hor. Epod. 9, 15:

cum unius signi militibus pergit ire,

Liv. 33, 1:

signa militaria ex proelio relata,

Caes. B. C. 3, 99; so,

militaria,

id. B. G. 7, 2; Plin. 33, 33, 19, § 58.—

Hence the expressions: signa sequi,

to follow the standards, to march in military order, Sall. J. 80, 2; Liv. 24, 48, 11:

signa subsequi,

to keep in order of battle, Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

signa observare,

Sall. J. 51, 1:

signa servare,

Liv. 8, 34, 10; Veg. Mil. 1, 9:

ab signis discedere,

to desert the standards, leave the ranks, Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 44; Liv. 25, 20 al.; cf.:

ab ordinibus signisque discedere,

Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:

signa relinquere,

to desert, Sall. C. 9, 4; Liv. 5, 6 al.:

signa deserere,

Liv. 8, 34, 9: signa ferre, i. e. to break up the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 49, 3; 10, 5 al.;

for which: movere signa,

id. 1, 14, 9; 27, 2, 12; Verg. G. 3, 236; and:

tollere,

Vell. 2, 61, 2; Auct. B. Alex. 57, 1;

but: ferte signa in hostem,

attack, Liv. 9, 23, 13:

signa constituere,

to halt, Caes. B. G. 7, 47; cf.:

infestis contra hostes signis constiterunt,

id. ib. 7, 51:

signa proferre,

to advance, Liv. 4, 32, 10: signa convertere, to wheel, turn, or face about, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26: Liv. 8, 11; 2, 14; 4, 29; for which, [p. 1698] vertere signa, id. 9, 35:

signa inferre (in aliquem),

to advance to the attack, make an assault, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26; 7, 67; id. B. C. 2, 42; Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 23; Sall. J. 56, 5; Liv. 2, 53; 9, 27; 44, 12 al; cf.:

signa conferre cum aliquo,

to engage with, engage in close fight, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 5; id. Pis. 21, 49;

and cf.: collatis signis pugnare, superare aliquem, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; Liv. 1, 33; 2, 50; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66; but conferre signa also means simply to bring the standards together (to one place), Caes. B. G. 7, 2; 2, 25; Liv. 37, 21:

signa in laevum cornu confert,

concentrates his troops, id. 7, 15, 4:

signa transferre,

to desert, Caes. B. C. 1, 24: signa convellere, to take up the standards, which had been fixed in the ground, Liv. 3, 7, 3; 3, 54, 10; 5, 37, 4; so,

vellere signa,

id. 3, 50, 11; Verg. G. 4, 108:

revellere signa,

Luc. 7, 77; cf.:

signa figere,

to encamp, Amm. 27, 10, 9:

defigere signa,

Sil. 8, 625:

sub signis ducere legiones, ire, esse, etc.,

together, in order, in rank and file, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71 (with ordine); Cic. Att. 16, 8, 2; Liv. 3, 51; Tac. H. 2, 14:

signa hostium turbare,

to throw into disorder, Liv. 9, 73:

ante signa,

before the army, id. 5, 18; 6, 7; 7, 16:

post signa,

id. 2, 49.—

Transf., in gen.:

infestis prope signis inferuntur Galli in Fonteium,

Cic. Font. 20, 44 (16, 34).—

Esp., the standard or ensign of single cohorts and maniples (opp. aquila, the standard of the entire legion):

cum fasces, cum tubas, cum signa militaria, cum aquilam illam argenteam... scirem esse praemissam,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 13; Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 5; Suet. Calig. 14 fin. Oud.; Tac. A. 1, 18; id. H. 2, 29 fin.; Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 23; Luc. 1, 6; 1, 224 al. (cf. aquila, 2.):

manipulos exercitus minimas manus quae unum sequuntur signum,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 88 Müll.—

Meton., a cohort, a maniple:

octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio artius collocat,

Sall. C. 59, 2; Liv. 8, 9; 25, 23 fin.; 33, 1; 27, 14; 28, 14; Auct. B. Hisp. 18, 3.—

A sign, signal; a watchword, password, given by a wind-instrument, by the tessera, or otherwise:

signum tubā dare,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20; 7, 81:

proelii committendi dare,

id. ib. 2, 21:

recipiendi dare,

id. ib. 7, 52:

receptui dare,

Liv. 4, 31; 26, 45; 3, 22; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:

signum dare ut, etc.,

Liv. 2, 20; 4, 39:

proelii exposcere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

concinere,

id. B. C. 3, 92 fin.; Liv. 30, 5; cf. Tac. A. 1, 68:

canere,

Sall. C. 59, 1; id. J. 99, 1; Liv. 1, 1; 4, 31; 27, 47; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 3 al. (v. cano).—For the chariot race:

signum mittendis quadrigis dare,

Liv. 8, 40, 3: signum mittere, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107: signo Felicitatis dato, the word, watchword, Felicitas, Auct. B. Afr. 83:

signum petere,

Suet. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 42; id. Ner. 9; cf.:

it bello tessera signum,

Verg. A. 7, 637.— Transf.:

tu illam (virtutem) jubes signum petere,

i. e. to be in subjection, Sen. Ben. 4, 2, 2.—

A sign or token of any thing to come; a prognostic, symptom (cf.:

portentum, indicium): ipse et equus ejus repente concidit: nec eam rem habuit religioni, objecto signo, ut peritis videbatur, ne committeret proelium,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

medici signa quaedam habent ex venis et ex spiritu aegroti,

id. ib. 2, 70, 145; cf. Verg. G. 3, 440; 3, 503; 4, 253; Cels. 2, 3:

prospera signa dare,

Ov. H. 18 (19), 152.—

An image, as a work of art; a figure, statue, picture, etc. (syn.: effigies, imago, simulacrum);

inerant (classi) signa expressa, Titani quomodo, etc.,

Naev. 2, 13: statuas deorum, exempla earum facierum, s gna domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 782 P.:

signum pictum in pariete,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 44:

signum in fano,

id. Rud. 2, 7, 2:

aëna signa,

Lucr. 1, 318:

ante signum Jovis Statoris concidit,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

signum aeneum, marmoreum, eburneum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1; cf. id. Off. 1, 41, 147; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 248:

cratera impressum signis,

Verg. A. 5, 536; 5, 267; 9, 263:

(vestis) auro signisque ingentibus apta,

Lucr. 5, 1428:

ex ornatis aedibus per aulaea et signa,

Sall. H. 2, 23, 2 Dietsch:

pallam signis auroque rigentem,

Verg. A. 1, 648:

e Pario formatum marmore signum,

Ov. M. 3, 419; cf. id. ib. 5, 183;

12, 398: statuas, signa, picturas commendet,

Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 5.—

An image or device on a seal-ring; a seal, signet: ostendi tabellas Lentulo, et quaesivi, cognosceretne signum. Annuit. Est vero, inquam, notum signum, imago avi tui, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

(patera) in cistulā obsignata signo est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 265; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 117:

tabulae maximae signis hominum nobilium consignantur,

id. Quint. 6, 25:

imprimat his signa tabellis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 38:

litterae integris signis praetoribus traduntur,

Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6; Sall. C. 47, 3:

signo laeso non insanire lagenae,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 134:

volumen sub signo habere,

to have under seal, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4; cf.:

sub signo claustrisque rei publicae positum vectigal,

id. Agr. 1, 7, 21:

nec pacta conventaque inpressis signis custodirentur,

Sen. Ben. 3, 15, 1:

cum sol duodena peregit signa,

Ov. M. 13, 618.—

A sign in the heavens, a constellation (cf. sidus):

caeli subter labentia signa,

Lucr. 1, 2:

loca caelio Omnia, dispositis signis ornata,

id. 5, 695:

signorum ortus et obitus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59:

signis omnibus ad idem principium stellisque revocatis,

id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

in signo leonis,

id. Div. 1, 53, 121:

signorum obitus speculari et ortus,

Verg. G. 1, 257; id. A. 7, 138:

signum pluviale Capellae,

Ov. F. 5, 113:

ponemusque suos ad vaga signa dies,

id. ib. 1, 310:

nox caelo diffundere signa parabat,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 10; cf. id. C. 2, 8, 11.—

Miraculous works (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Dan. 3, 99; id. Matt. 24, 24; id. Joan. 2, 11 et saep.

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—

Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—

As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

id. 4, 415:

incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

Ov. M. 1, 307. —

As jurid. term.

In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

Gai. 4, 184:

fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

id. ib. 6, 25:

quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

Liv. 3, 45, 3:

interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

Gell. 7, 1, 10:

si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

Dig. 2, 11, 11:

si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

ib. 2, 9, 5:

sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

ib. 2, 9, 6:

cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

ib. 2, 6, 4:

si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—

Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

vadimonium sistit,

Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—

Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —

Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—

Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

Tac. A. 15, 72:

cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

id. ib. 4 37:

at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

id. ib. 15, 18:

monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

id. H. 4, 53:

sistere monumenta,

Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.

Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.

Causative (rare;

perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

v. sto),

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—

Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—

Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.

Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.

Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).

To stand still:

solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

sistunt amnes,

Verg. G. 1, 479:

incurrit, errat, sistit,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—

To remain, stop:

Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—

Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

depunge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—

To cease (dub.):

hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—

Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).

To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.

With gradum:

plano sistit uterque gradum,

arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

siste properantem gradum,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

repente sistunt gradum,

Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—

With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

fugam foedam siste,

Liv. 1, 12, 5:

si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—

Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

esseda siste,

Prop. 2, 1, 76:

equos,

Verg. A. 12, 355:

quadrijugos,

Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—

With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

exercitus iter sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 50.—

With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—

Of living objects, in gen.

To arrest their course, make them halt:

aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

festinantia sistens Fata,

staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

aliquem cuspide,

Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

cervum vulnere sistere,

id. 2, 78.—

To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

Liv. 1, 37, 3:

ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

id. 10, 14, 18:

nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

Curt. 5, 3, 11:

nec sisti poterant scandentes,

Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —

Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

Tac. A. 3, 52.—

To arrest the motion of fluids.

Of water:

sistere aquam fluviis,

Verg. A. 4, 489:

amnis, siste parumper aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

quae concita flumina sistunt,

id. M. 7, 154:

sistito infestum mare,

calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—

Of blood and secretions:

(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

sanguinem,

Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

fluctiones,

id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

nomas,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

mensis,

id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

vomitiones,

id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

alvum bubus,

id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

alvum,

stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

ventrem,

id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—

To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

ille oculos sistit,

Stat. Th. 2, 539.—

To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

querelas,

Ov. M. 7, 711:

fletus,

id. ib. 14, 835:

lacrimas,

id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

minas,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

opus,

id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

labores,

id. ib. 5, 490:

furorem,

Stat. Th. 5, 663:

furialem impetum,

Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

Ov. M. 14, 803:

antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

id. F. 4, 387:

sitim sistere,

to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

ruinas,

to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

ventum,

to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—

Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

Tac. H. 2, 11:

dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —

Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).

Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

Liv. 2, 29, 8:

si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

id. 3, 9, 8:

vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—

Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.

Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—

In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

Liv. 39, 13, 8:

stato loco statisque diebus,

id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

stato lustri die,

Sen. Troad. 781:

status sacrificii dies,

Flor. 1, 3, 16:

statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

stato tempore,

Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

stata tempora (partus),

Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

stata quinquennia,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

stata sacra,

Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

stata foedera,

id. ib. 11, 380:

status flatus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

stati cursus siderum,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—

Moderate, average, normal:

inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Surely, wholly, fully, truly:

neque, natus necne is fuerit, id solide scio,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 8; 4, 2, 47; Ter And. 5, 5, 8; App. M. 3, p. 135, 41; Spart. Ael. Ver. 8.

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—